The eye surgery also known as the eye surgery or eye surgery is surgery performed on the eye and its annexes, usually by an ophthalmologist. Although most surgeries on the eye can be performed by any experienced ophthalmologist, more complex procedures are usually given to qualified physicians and recognized.
The eye is a sensitive organ, which requires extremely demanding care before, during and after surgery. The ophthalmologist who is involved must take all responsibilities and identify the best ways to proceed in order to conduct its operations safely. Many university programs in the United States allow patients to indicate whether they agree to be operated by an internal or when they explicitly refuse and really want to deal with a qualified physician.
Anesthesia is a must for any eye surgery. The local anesthesia is generally the most used. Injection techniques and anesthetic infiltration at subcortical are used to immobilize the extraocular muscles and eliminate pain sensation. Local anesthesia often used gels containing lidocaine, which is preferred for quick transactions. For local anesthesia, patient cooperation is the best thing for a procedure that takes place smoothly. The general anesthesia in turn, is recommended for children, for injuries to the eye, for the greater part of orbitotomy and for patients with apprehension. Cardiovascular monitoring is preferable for the local anesthesia and is mandatory for general anesthesia. Appropriate precautions in terms of sterility are taken to prepare the area that will undergo the operation, including the use of antiseptics such as Betadine. Be dressed in gowns and sterile gloves is of course mandatory. A plastic bag with a receptacle helps collect the fluids during phacoemulsification. A speculum, a sort of speculum adapted eye is inserted into the cul-de-sac conjunctival to hold open eyelids.
Surgery and Laser Refractive Surgery
Although the terms of laser surgery and refractive surgery are generally used as if they were interchangeable, this is indeed not the case. The laser can be used to treat non-refractive disorders (e.g. to seal a retinal tear), while the keratotomy is an example of radial refractive surgery without using a laser.
Cataract Surgery
The cataract is a clouding of the lens opacification causes a gradual decline in sight, accompanied by discomfort in the early to light (photophobia), glare, or the perception of a “veil visual”. This vision loss can be rapid (few hours) due to trauma. If the loss of sight is significant, the surgery can be justified, the loss of sight can be recovered by changing the lens with an artificial lens (IOL). This operation is one of the most common eye surgeries. An Indian surgeon, Govindappa Venkataswamy, has even made his specialty by developing a model of hospital nursing the sick Indians. In designing a new model of intervention more productive without harming the quality of operations, it arrives today to treat a large number of patients, rich or poor. His style is exemplary in its ability to generate solidarity among the more affluent patients who pay for the poorest can benefit from the free operation.
Surgery for Glaucoma
The Glaucoma is a group of diseases affecting the optic nerve resulting in vision loss; this disease is frequently characterized by increased intraocular pressure. There are several ways to treat glaucoma by surgery, various combinations or variations on the surgical procedure to evacuate the aqueous humor of the eye to lower the intraocular pressure.
Refractive
The refractive surgery aims to correct refractive errors of the eye, reducing or eliminating the need of wearing glasses. There are various operations including:
Keratomileusis
Automated lamellar keratoplasty (ALK)
Laser assisted in-situ keratomileusis ( LASIK ) 2
LASEK for laser epithelial keratomileusis assisted sub-
Photorefractive keratectomy
Laser thermal keratoplasty ”’or TLK for laser thermal keratoplasty
Conductive keratoplasty uses radio frequency to shrink the collagen in the cornea. Method used to correct the hyperopia
Limbal relaxing incisions for LRI
Astigmatic keratotomy
Radial keratotomy
Hexagonal keratotomy
Epikeratophakia
Intra corneal ring
Implantable contact lenses
Reversal of Presbyopia
Anterior ciliary sclerotomy
Reversal of presbyopia laser
Surgery of the Cornea
The corneal surgery includes most refractive surgery as follows:
Corneal transplant surgery is used to remove an opaque cornea and replace it with a clear cornea.
Penetrating keratoplasty
Photo-therapeutic keratectomy
Excision of Pterygium
Vitreoretinal Surgery
Vitreoretinal surgery includes the following:
Vitrectomy
anterior vitrectomy used in certain cases of cataract and glaucoma
Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), is a procedure to remove vitreous opacities and membranes through an incision in the pars plana. It is often combined with other intraocular procedures, procedures for the treatment of the retinas.
Pan retinal photo-coagulation therapy is a photo-coagulation used in particular for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy
Retinal detachment
Ignipuncture is an outdated method that involves cauterization of the retina by a sharp instrument very hot.
Laser photocoagulation is the use of a laser to seal a retinal tear.
Pneumatic retinopexy
Cryopexy retinal or retinal cryotherapy is a method that uses intense cold to induce a chorioretinal scar and to destroy tissue retina or choroid.
Repairing the hole macular
Sclerouvectomie partial lamellar
Posterior sclerotomy
Radial optic neurotomy
Macular translocation
by a 360-degree retinotomy
through scleral imbrication technique
Muscle Surgery Eye
Surgery of eye muscles is mainly used to correct defects squint through the following steps:
Muscle relaxation procedure
The recession involves moving the insertion of the muscle posterior to its origin.
Myectomy
Myotomy
Tenectomy
Tenotomy
Procedure for building muscles
Resection
Folding
Oculoplastic Surgery
Oculoplastic surgery or oculoplastic surgery is a specialty of ophthalmology that deals with plastic and reconstructive surgery of the eye and its annexes. Surgeons who perform oculoplastic surgery procedures such as repair of the eyelids, tear duct unblocking, repair orbital fractures, excision of tumors in (and around) the eyes, and procedures for rejuvenation (blepharoplasty, canthoplasty, toxin botulinum).
The eye is a sensitive organ, which requires extremely demanding care before, during and after surgery. The ophthalmologist who is involved must take all responsibilities and identify the best ways to proceed in order to conduct its operations safely. Many university programs in the United States allow patients to indicate whether they agree to be operated by an internal or when they explicitly refuse and really want to deal with a qualified physician.
Anesthesia is a must for any eye surgery. The local anesthesia is generally the most used. Injection techniques and anesthetic infiltration at subcortical are used to immobilize the extraocular muscles and eliminate pain sensation. Local anesthesia often used gels containing lidocaine, which is preferred for quick transactions. For local anesthesia, patient cooperation is the best thing for a procedure that takes place smoothly. The general anesthesia in turn, is recommended for children, for injuries to the eye, for the greater part of orbitotomy and for patients with apprehension. Cardiovascular monitoring is preferable for the local anesthesia and is mandatory for general anesthesia. Appropriate precautions in terms of sterility are taken to prepare the area that will undergo the operation, including the use of antiseptics such as Betadine. Be dressed in gowns and sterile gloves is of course mandatory. A plastic bag with a receptacle helps collect the fluids during phacoemulsification. A speculum, a sort of speculum adapted eye is inserted into the cul-de-sac conjunctival to hold open eyelids.
Surgery and Laser Refractive Surgery
Although the terms of laser surgery and refractive surgery are generally used as if they were interchangeable, this is indeed not the case. The laser can be used to treat non-refractive disorders (e.g. to seal a retinal tear), while the keratotomy is an example of radial refractive surgery without using a laser.
Cataract Surgery
The cataract is a clouding of the lens opacification causes a gradual decline in sight, accompanied by discomfort in the early to light (photophobia), glare, or the perception of a “veil visual”. This vision loss can be rapid (few hours) due to trauma. If the loss of sight is significant, the surgery can be justified, the loss of sight can be recovered by changing the lens with an artificial lens (IOL). This operation is one of the most common eye surgeries. An Indian surgeon, Govindappa Venkataswamy, has even made his specialty by developing a model of hospital nursing the sick Indians. In designing a new model of intervention more productive without harming the quality of operations, it arrives today to treat a large number of patients, rich or poor. His style is exemplary in its ability to generate solidarity among the more affluent patients who pay for the poorest can benefit from the free operation.
Surgery for Glaucoma
The Glaucoma is a group of diseases affecting the optic nerve resulting in vision loss; this disease is frequently characterized by increased intraocular pressure. There are several ways to treat glaucoma by surgery, various combinations or variations on the surgical procedure to evacuate the aqueous humor of the eye to lower the intraocular pressure.
Refractive
The refractive surgery aims to correct refractive errors of the eye, reducing or eliminating the need of wearing glasses. There are various operations including:
Keratomileusis
Automated lamellar keratoplasty (ALK)
Laser assisted in-situ keratomileusis ( LASIK ) 2
LASEK for laser epithelial keratomileusis assisted sub-
Photorefractive keratectomy
Laser thermal keratoplasty ”’or TLK for laser thermal keratoplasty
Conductive keratoplasty uses radio frequency to shrink the collagen in the cornea. Method used to correct the hyperopia
Limbal relaxing incisions for LRI
Astigmatic keratotomy
Radial keratotomy
Hexagonal keratotomy
Epikeratophakia
Intra corneal ring
Implantable contact lenses
Reversal of Presbyopia
Anterior ciliary sclerotomy
Reversal of presbyopia laser
Surgery of the Cornea
The corneal surgery includes most refractive surgery as follows:
Corneal transplant surgery is used to remove an opaque cornea and replace it with a clear cornea.
Penetrating keratoplasty
Photo-therapeutic keratectomy
Excision of Pterygium
Vitreoretinal Surgery
Vitreoretinal surgery includes the following:
Vitrectomy
anterior vitrectomy used in certain cases of cataract and glaucoma
Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), is a procedure to remove vitreous opacities and membranes through an incision in the pars plana. It is often combined with other intraocular procedures, procedures for the treatment of the retinas.
Pan retinal photo-coagulation therapy is a photo-coagulation used in particular for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy
Retinal detachment
Ignipuncture is an outdated method that involves cauterization of the retina by a sharp instrument very hot.
Laser photocoagulation is the use of a laser to seal a retinal tear.
Pneumatic retinopexy
Cryopexy retinal or retinal cryotherapy is a method that uses intense cold to induce a chorioretinal scar and to destroy tissue retina or choroid.
Repairing the hole macular
Sclerouvectomie partial lamellar
Posterior sclerotomy
Radial optic neurotomy
Macular translocation
by a 360-degree retinotomy
through scleral imbrication technique
Muscle Surgery Eye
Surgery of eye muscles is mainly used to correct defects squint through the following steps:
Muscle relaxation procedure
The recession involves moving the insertion of the muscle posterior to its origin.
Myectomy
Myotomy
Tenectomy
Tenotomy
Procedure for building muscles
Resection
Folding
Oculoplastic Surgery
Oculoplastic surgery or oculoplastic surgery is a specialty of ophthalmology that deals with plastic and reconstructive surgery of the eye and its annexes. Surgeons who perform oculoplastic surgery procedures such as repair of the eyelids, tear duct unblocking, repair orbital fractures, excision of tumors in (and around) the eyes, and procedures for rejuvenation (blepharoplasty, canthoplasty, toxin botulinum).
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